Freud paid close attention to human behavior and repressed emotions. Conversely, Jung believed that the human psyche was more multifaceted. Jung and Freud developed a large sum of their research by studying dreams, particularly their own. Both researchers believed that dreams were an essential tool in terms of exploring the unconscious mind. Contrastingly, during an unconscious sleep, these desires are revealed through dreams and are often linked to some kind of sexual desire.
Freud believed that religion should be separated from the empirical nature of research and psychology. He viewed religion as an escape from the harsh realities of the world. Additionally, Freud rejected the idea of paranormality, regardless of its presence in a variety of cultural beliefs. Conversely, Jung took a more positive stance towards religion. His theories acknowledged religion as an essential part of individual development.
It fosters communication and allows people to process their grievances. Jung connected his archetypal theories to a variety of religious symbols. Archetypes are the intrinsic universal understandings of the world that are held by all humans according to Jung. Freud believed in frequently seeing his patients. He would see his patients up to six times a week for approximately 45 minutes.
Jung found this excessive and conducted approximately two sessions a week that were approximately an hour. They are more feasible in terms of treating an individual who is functional in society.
Furthermore, Freud centered a large sum of his research around the use of a couch. He used it as a tool for analyzing his patients. By: Enrico. Psychiatry at this time took no interest in the psychological components of mental health, but simply viewed behaviour in light of the anatomical structures of the brain. Freud had by now also developed his therapeutic technique of free association and was no longer practicing hypnosis. From this he went on to explore the influence of unconscious thought processes on various aspects of human behaviour and felt that amongst these forces the most powerful were the sexual desires in childhood which were repressed from the conscious mind.
Although the medical establishment as whole disagreed with many of his theories, in Freud, along with a group of pupils and followers, founded the International Psychoanalytic Association, with Carl Jung as president. By and the arrival of the Nazis in Austria, Freud left for London with his wife and children.
However, throughout this time he was plagued by cancer of the jaw, and after undergoing 30 operations, died in London on 23rd September But while Freud had first thought Jung the heir apparent to psychoanalysis, the relationship between the two began to rapidly deteriorate.
By: Arturo Espinosa. Jung likened the collective unconscious to a reservoir which stored all the experiences and knowledge of the human species, and this was one of the clear distinctions between the Jungian definition of the unconscious and the Freudian.
Jung had an inexhaustible knowledge of mythology, religion and philosophy, and was particularly knowledgeable in the symbolism connected to traditions such as Alchemy, Kabala, Buddhism and Hinduism.
Utilising this vast knowledge, Jung believed that humans experienced the unconscious through numerous symbols encountered in various aspects of life such as dreams, art, and religion. His concepts of introversion and extraversion have contributed extensively to personality psychology and have also greatly influenced psychotherapy. Disagreement 1: The Unconscious Mind. One of the central disagreements between Jung and Freud was their differing conceptions of the unconscious.
He saw it as a storage facility for all hidden sexual desires, resulting in neuroses, or what we would nowadays call mental illness. He declared that the human mind centres upon three structures — the id, the ego and the super ego. The id forms our unconscious drives mainly sex , and is not bound by morality but instead only seeks to satisfy pleasure. The ego is our conscious perceptions, memories and thoughts that enable us to deal effectively with reality. The superego attempts to mediate the drives of the id through socially acceptable behaviours.
To Jung, the ego is the conscious, the personal unconscious includes memories both recalled and suppressed and the collective unconscious holds our experiences as a species or knowledge that we are born with for example, love at first sight. He also believed that the contents of the unconscious are not restricted to repressed material. Freud argued that when we are awake our deepest desires are not acted upon because a there are the considerations of reality the ego and also morality the superego.
But during sleep these restraining forces are weakened and we may experience our desires through our dreams. Freud also believed that our dreams are able to access repressed or anxiety provoking thoughts mainly sexually repressed desires that cannot be entertained directly for fear of anxiety and embarrassment. It was the job of the analyst to interpret these dreams in light of their true meaning. Jung Position: Like Freud, Jung believed that dream analysis allowed for a window into the unconscious mind.
But unlike Freud, Jung did not believe that that the content of all dreams was necessarily sexual in nature or that they disguised their true meaning. Children with this coping style find that fighting is the best way to deal with an unhappy home situation, and they deal with their feelings of insecurity by bullying other children Burger, As adults, people with this coping style tend to lash out with hurtful comments and exploit others Burger, The third coping style, moving away from people , centers on detachment and isolation.
These children handle their anxiety by withdrawing from the world. They need privacy and tend to be self-sufficient. When these children are adults, they continue to avoid such things as love and friendship, and they also tend to gravitate toward careers that require little interaction with others Burger, Horney believed these three styles are ways in which people typically cope with day-to-day problems; however, the three coping styles can become neurotic strategies if they are used rigidly and compulsively, leading a person to become alienated from others.
They generally agreed with Freud that childhood experiences matter, but they decreased the emphasis on sex and focused more on the social environment and effects of culture on personality. The neo-Freudian approaches have been criticized, because they tend to be philosophical rather than based on sound scientific research.
Describe the difference between extroverts and introverts in terms of what is energizing to each. What is your birth order? Provide examples for support. Would you describe yourself as an extrovert or an introvert? Does this vary based on the situation? Provide examples to support your points. Horney also suggested that men may have womb envy, because men cannot give birth.
Skip to main content. Search for:. He further says that it links with our unconscious mind, and the ego is connected with our conscious mind. Finally, the superego mediates human behavior by balancing the impulses of the ego and the id. However, Freud is mainly known for theorizing the Oedipus complex. As both Jungian theory and Freudian theory are concerned with the human conscious and unconscious mind.
Both have given the theory by understanding and emotion. Carl Jung was a follower of Sigmund Freud, but they both disagree with certain ideas.
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