Don Papson, executive director of the M. Hershey Foundation, discusses the evolution of Hershey advertising. We scoured the globe to find some of the most amazing things made of chocolate. We found some truly unique edible objects that may surprise you. Americans have a sweet tooth. About the Show show chapters. Web Extras The Winning Formula.
Milton's Management Style. Once he had made a decision, he put his entire force behind it, whether it was making chocolate, producing his own sugar in Cuba or, wrongly as it turned out, trying to stabilize the price of sugar futures.
On the whole, he was respected for his honesty, for driving hard bargains and for selling a first-class product. Milton Hershey was a doer, not a philosopher. He rarely wrote and seldom talked about his beliefs. Nevertheless, he obviously thought a lot about such matters as success and the value and purposes of money. He believed wealth should be used for the benefit of others and practiced what he preached.
He also understood that doing good works was also good for business. Milton Hershey used his chocolate fortune to primarily benefit two projects: the town of Hershey and his Hershey Industrial School for orphan boys. Although some questioned the wisdom of his decisions, no one ever questioned his sincerity. Plans for building the town went hand in hand with building the factory. Since Hershey started his company in the middle of farmland, not in a town, it was clear from the start that he would have to provide a place for at least some of his workers, as well as his managerial staff, to live.
Herr, a Lancaster engineer, plans were drawn for a pleasant tree-lined community which provided for all the needs of its residents. A bank, hotel, public school, churches, parks, golf courses and a zoo followed each other in rapid succession. At the onset of planning for the town, Milton Hershey developed a trolley system so that employees would not be forced to live in Hershey and had a way to get to work from nearby towns. Like other industrialists who built model towns for their workers, Milton Hershey took great pride in his community.
As the town population grew, Milton Hershey provided for new schools, a new bank building and expanded services such as the trolley system and telephone service. The community remained an enduring passion for Milton Hershey throughout his life. The coming of the Depression beginning in threatened to bring economic disaster to his community. Hershey responded with his own unique form of benevolent paternalism.
As the Depression deepened, Milton Hershey undertook a major construction program, which became known as the Great Building Campaign. During the s, more than men found work building many structures that later became major tourist attractions. While it has often been said that no workers lost their jobs during the Depression, everyone was affected. Limiting hours resulted in the factory being able to hire additional employees, but individual paychecks shrank to a critical point. Saddened because they had no children of their own, and anxious to put their growing fortune to good use, Milton and Catherine Hershey founded the Hershey Industrial School now Milton Hershey School for orphaned boys in Due regard shall be paid to their health; their physical training shall be attended to, and they shall have suitable and proper exercise and recreation.
They shall be instructed in the several branches of a sound education. The main object in view is to train young men to useful trades and occupations, so that they can earn their own livelihood. Characteristically, the gift was not made public until When Milton Hershey died on October 13, at 88 years of age, a chocolate bar had carried his name around the world and made him a legend.
Poor boy turned millionaire, he was loved and admired as well as envied and sometimes misunderstood. Hershey had the good fortune to develop the chocolate industry in the right place at the right time.
His personal convictions about the obligations of wealth and about the quality of life in the community he founded have made that community his living memorial. His Parents His father, Henry Hershey, was an inquisitive man who loved to read books. Lancaster Caramel Company Discouraged but not defeated, he returned to Lancaster but did not even have the money to have his possessions shipped to him. Hershey Chocolate Company Caramels gave Milton Hershey his first million, but chocolate gave him his real fortune.
Planning the Model Town Plans for building the town went hand in hand with building the factory. Milton Hershey School Saddened because they had no children of their own, and anxious to put their growing fortune to good use, Milton and Catherine Hershey founded the Hershey Industrial School now Milton Hershey School for orphaned boys in His Deeds are His Monument When Milton Hershey died on October 13, at 88 years of age, a chocolate bar had carried his name around the world and made him a legend.
PREV Previous post:. Persistence is based on the attitude of trying and trying even after failure until success is achieved McDaniel , p. Hershey was not successful in his previous ventures, but persistence helped him develop one of the profitable and successful companies in the confectionery industry. Like Henry Ford, Milton can be classified as an entrepreneur who undertook entrepreneurship as a process.
During this process of entrepreneurship, one to qualify as an entrepreneur has to be having the ability and the willingness to undertake calculated risks McDaniel , p. This means that they develop a new product and take the risk of looking for new markets.
They undertake the calculated risks until they succeed in their ventures McDaniel , p. Milton was willing to undertake the calculated risks and develop companies until he succeeded. Supposing that Milton Hershey backed up before succeeding, then he would not be classified as an entrepreneur. On the other hand, entrepreneurship can be classified as behaviour Stokes et al.
In this context, the individuals manifest the willingness and the ability to create or perceive new opportunities on their own and create the opportunities which are presented in a market full of obstacles and uncertainty. Hershey had the willingness and the ability to create new ideas and present them in the market. This process involves doing things in a different way, mainly under uncertainty conditions.
It can also be defined as a process which involves the conversion of profitable idea to the productive undertaking Charantimath n. This process can be achieved only by hardworking people in the corporate world. Hershey was considered as a hardworking man and believed that hard work always paid. He was a man who had big dreams that were turned into entrepreneurship. Based on this, it can be argued that the willingness by Hershey to become an entrepreneur was innate.
This means an entrepreneur is not deterred by failure but instead they perceive failure as a learning process which can be used to achieve success. The information on failure is used as a strategy and used in the future to develop other successful enterprises.
The unwillingness and the ability of not accepting failure is the major reason why entrepreneurs succeed. Based on this characteristic of an entrepreneur, then Milton Hershey qualifies to be an entrepreneur.
For example, he started his company in , and it failed after a period of six years, in , he started another candy business in New York that also failed. Hershey was not daunted by these multiple failures. He had the unwillingness to accept failure since he pushed on and on until he made it.
Based on the history of Heresy, his third venture, which was the Carmel business was a great breakthrough. This led to the formation of the Hershey Chocolate Company, which has been the greatest chocolate producer in the U. This analysis makes him an entrepreneur because of his unceasing will and power to continue on even when the situation is full of failures.
Based on these arguments, it is clear that Milton Hershey becomes an astute and shrewd businessman because of the challenges and the failures he went through Ament, His belief was that hard work paid, and failure was no excuse but an opportunity to succeed.
An entrepreneur is an achievement-oriented person who makes decisions through intuition and limited information Stokes et al. It can be argued that Milton Hershey was determined to achieve in life based on his level of knowledge and the persistence to be a successful businessman.
For example, he only reached the fourth grade, and with no other formal education, he ventured in business and started a business that becomes a success Ament Milton Hershery ventured in multiple businesses before a breakthrough was arrived at.
This can be well explained by the lifecycle model of development where business grows in stages of growth and failures Parker , p. The model is dependent of the time factor where they grow and decline but peak up in a given time. According to the life cycle models, entrepreneurial ventures usually undergo evolution over a period of time where it passes through several stages Stokes , p.
The different stages involved have different characteristics where different skills and experiences are required. One of the life cycle models that can be used to elaborate Hershey Food Corporation is the Greiner five stage models that is characterized by evolution and revolutionary stages. For instance, prior the Hershey Food Corporation was incepted; other three companies had been developed where two had failed and one succeeded. For example, the first company underwent all the stages until it failed in the fifth stage of crisis.
This makes the venture entrepreneurial making Milton Hershey an entrepreneur. Based on the five commonly applied entrepreneurial strategies, Milton Hershey deployed the growth strategy. The growth strategy is characterized by the excitement which makes people want to develop faster Peng , p.
According to the analysis of the history of Milton Hershey he developed one company after another. For instance, the Carmen business was immediately followed by the Hershey Chocolate Corporation. This indicates the urge or excitement Milton had as an entrepreneur in developing his business.
It also involves the use of underutilized resources for the growth of an enterprise Peng , p.
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